Hammer crusher



a' casing', and it comprises more-particularly;

Patented Ney.- 15, 1927;

UNITED STATES y 1,649,565 TENT oFFlc-E.-

v GEORGE W. BORTONQOF'NEW LISBON, lAND WILIIAM A. BATTEY, OF HAVERFORD, PENNSYLVANIA, ASSIGNORS T0 PENNSYLVANIA CRUSHER COMPANY, 0F NEW YORK, N. Y., A CORPORATION OF NEW YORK.

HAMMER 'CRUSHERh Applicatoniled August 24, 1925. Serial No. 52,102.

' Our-invention relates to crushing or pulverizing machines' of the type familiarly known as hammer mills in whicha series of hammers are rotatably supported within improvements inthe rotor or revolving part of' such structure which carries pivotally mounted hammers, and the character of such pivotallymounted hammers; the main object of our invention being to provide a type of hammer pivotally mounted in the rotor and having a curved surface for active or crushing engagement with the material being crushed or pulver-ized between such hammers and a breaker plate or plates andthe screen through which such crushed or pulverized material is discharged.

A further object of'our invention is to provid'e a hammer having a circular periphery that may be adjusted with respect to its mount or support in the rotor so that when one peripheral portion of the same becomes worn another peripheral portion may be brought into vposition for crushing engagement with the material being crushed or pul- And a still further object of our invention is to provide a `circular hammerso mounted in the vrotor as to bev capable of yielding radially to a certain extent as well as rock upon'its pivotal support so as to avoid breakage or damage to the machine or the rotor, should hard, uncrushable material pass into the reduction chamber with the coal, ore, or other material undergoing crushing or pulverizing treatment. l

These and other features of our invention are more fully described hereinafter; reference being had to the accompanying vdrawings, in which:

Figure 1,.. is a vertical transverse section through the pulverizing structure showing the circular hammers in the position they occupy when the rotor is moving in tion of the arrow.

Fig. 2, is a vertical section the-rotor structure, taken on the line II-II,

the direc-V Fig. 1, and

' Figs. 3 and 4, are views illustrating circular or disk-like hammer elements within the scope of our invention.

The hammer mill structure with which our present improvements are employed may comprise side walls l, and end walls 2 and 3,

Yand while. it may be of usual construction, it 1s shown 1n the present instance as built of structural metal; channel beams and the l1ke being connected by plates which are riveted, bolted or otherwise secured together; .Y

the crushing chamber proper involving side plates 5, a breaker plate 6, which may be stationary or adjustable, and a screen or cage 7, with the usual liners which may be in the form of cast members, indicated at 8, 9, 10, and 11, and properly secured to the walls of the structure.

The screen or cage is preferably carried by supporting members 12 which may be pivotally mounted on cross rods 13 and 14, suitably supported by the side walls; 'such screen or cage being provided with mechamsm whereby it may be lowered with respect to the rotor by means of cranks 14a (one of which 1s shown), carried by the cross bar 14,

which is pivotally mounted in the side walls 1; such cranks being connected with said cage or screen by means of links 15, which may be secured to the support for the latter at the point 16. As in usual structures of this type, the hammer mill is preferably'provided with a so-called tramp iron pocket 20, into which hard, uncrushable, substances accompanying the material to be crushed or pulverized may pass, for subsequent delivery through a door 21; such pocket or chamber having by preference a pivoted bottom 22,

. end plates or frames, 26, inwardly beveled of a portion of" and underlying the liners 8, 9 and 10, which extendout from the sides of the machine so that coal or other material to be crushed and introduced through the inlet channel or hop- The shaft 25 carries a series of spacing rods are connected to the circular, dished end plates or frames 26. Mounted upon these rods and disposed between the disks 29 are a series of circular or disk-like hammer members 35; such hammer members having limited rocking or rotary movement upon the rods 30 of the rotor, and assuming a radial position, in axial alignment with said rods and the shaft 25, when the rotor is revolving at Working speed, as indicated in Fig. 1.

As shown in Figs. 1 and 3, these hammer elements may comprise circular or disk-like members 35, centrally apertured at 36; the apertures presenting a series of recesses 37, radially disposed, and the rootsb the rcspective recesses constituting bear-lng surface for engagement with said rods 30, carried by and passing through the several disks 29 of the rotor. stand out radially with respect to the rotor, with the rods 30 in seating engagement with one of said recesses, as illustrated in Fig. l. By preference the hammer members have an odd number of recesses.

The proportionate relation of the parts is such that these hammer elements are free for slight rocking or partial rotative movement upon the supporting rods 30; the extent of such movement being limited by the adjacent rods 30, and by reason of the dimensions of their. internal opening or aperture 36, they have slight radial movement, the extent of which is limited by the presence of the spacing rings 28, disposed between the disks 29, supporting the rods 30, upon which such hammer elements are mounted.

In Fig. 4, I have shown a form of circular hammer of substantially the same character as that illustrated in Figs. l and with the exception that ivhile its construction is such as to permit limited rocking movement ot the same upon the supporting rods 30, no provision is made for radial movement on such rods; the type of hammer structure illustrated in Fig. 4, simply being provided with apertures 37, for the passage ot the rods 30, upon which such hammer elements are free to `rock to a limited extent.

As may be readily understood, the wear occasioned by use will approximate the surface indicated by the dotted lines in Figs. f

3 and 4, When such hammer members swing upon the axes determined by the rods 30, when seated in the roots of the'recesses 37, as in Fig. 8, or when located in one of the apertures'r"1 of Fig. 4. When one point of contact becomes worn to a certain extent, for instance, that indicated by any of the dotted line surfaces of Figs. 8 or 4, the hammer element may be shifted so that the supporting rod is 1n engagement with another recess or aperture, and further Wear may continue to the extent indicated, whereupon a further shifting can be effected until all the surface In action, these hammer elements.

opposite the points of support have been worn to the extent approximately indicated by the dotted lines in Figs. 3 and 4.

Upon reference to Figs. 3 and '4, showing preferred constructions, the particular ad` vantages of providing the hammer elements with an odd number of supporing points, permitting several adjustments of such hammer elements, Will be apparent. It will be noted that wear upon the active peripheral surface of such hammer elements occurs between points of support When such hammer elements are in action and not directly opposite such points of support as would occur if an even number of supporting points were provided; thus insuring that the hammer ele ments will have suflicient metal at their points of support at all times when in use. At the same time, We do not wish to be limited to the use of hammer elements having an odd number of supporting points.

As will be understood, the rotor portion of our improved hammer mill structure may be made up of hammer elements of either type shown and, if desired, rows of hammer elements of one type, that shown in Fig. 3, for instance, may alternate with hammer elements of another type, that shown in Fig. 4, for instance.

We claim:

l. In a crushing or grinding machine of the hammer mill type, the combination of rotatable hammer-carrying mechanism including spacing disks, and rods carried by said spacing disks parallel with the axis of rotation, circular grinding elements mounted on the rods of said hammer-carrying mechanism; said grinding elements being free for slight rocking movement on said'rods but held against rotation and having provision for a number of adjustments with respect to said rods, and a concave grinding surface adapted to cooperate with said circular grinding elements.

2. ln a crushing or grinding machine of the hammer mill type, the combination of rotatable hanimer-carrying mechanism including spacing disks, and rods carried by said spacing disks parallel with the axis of rotation, circular grinding elements mounted on the rodsot said hammer-carrying mechanism; said grinding elements being free Afor slight rocking movement on said.rods but held against rotation and having provision for an odd number of adjustments with respect to said rods, and a concave grinding surface adapted to cooperate with said ciricular grinding elements.

3. A grinding or crushing element for use with grinding machines of the hammer mill type and the like, comprising a circular support-ing member mounted for rotation, a hammer clement of circular form, cooperating means between said circular supporting member and said hammer element for maintaining the latter in a relatively7 predetermined position and against rotation with respect to the circular supportin member; said hammer element havinga p uralit of points of support upon any one of w ich said hammer element is free for slight rocking movement whereby the wear occasioned in work will be on the arc of a circle struck from the axis of support and said hammer element being adjustable to any of said points of .support whereby such Wear may be successively distributed around the peripheral surface of the same, and a concave grinding surface adapted to" cooperate with said circular hammer element.

4. A grinding or crushing clement for use with grinding machines of the hammer mill type and the like, comprising a circular supporting member mounted for rotation, a series of hammer elements of circular form, cooperating means between said circular sup orting member and the circular hammer e ements for maintaining the latter in relatively predetermined positions and against rotation with respect to the circular supporting member; said circular hammer elements having a plurality of points of support upon any one of which they are free to rock whereby the Wear occasioned in work will be on the arc of a circle struck from the axis of support and said circular hammer elements being adjustable to any of said points of support whereby such wear may be successively distributed around the peripheral surfaces of the same, and a concave grinding surface adapted to cooperate with said-circular hammer elements.

5. A grinding or' crushing element for use with grinding machines of the hammer mill type and the like, comprising a lu rality of circular supporting mem ers mounted for rotation, a circular hammer element, a rod carried by said circular supporting members for maintainin the ham-A mer element in a. relatively pre etermined position and against rotation with respect to the circular supporting members; said hammer element having an odd number of points of support upon any one of which it is free to rock whereby the wear occasioned in work will be on the arc of a circle struck from the axis of support and said hammer element being adjustable to any of said points of supportwhereby such wear ma be successively distributed around the periph-y eral surface of the same, and a concave grinding surface adapted to cooperate with said circular hammer element. i

6. A grinding or crushing element for use with grinding machines of the hammer mill type and the like, comprising a plurality of circular supporting members mounted for rotation, a series of circular hammer elements, rods carried by said circular supporting members for positively holding said hammer elements vin predetermined positionl and against rotation relative to the circular supporting members; said circular hammer elements having an odd number of points of support upon any one of which said hammer elements are free to rock whereby the wear occasioned iii work will be on the arc of a circle struck from the point of support, and said circular hammer elements being adjustable to any of said points of support whereby the wear occasioned may be successively distributed around the peripheral surfaces of the same; f

7. In a grinding element for hammer mills and the like, a hammer comprising a circular body having a through opening axially disposed and made up of a plurality of radial recesses of equal depth.

l8. In a grinding element for hammer mills and the like, a hammercomprising a circular body having a through opening axiall disposed and made u of a plurality of ra ial recesses of equal epth and of an odd number.

9. A grinding element for hammer mills and the like comprising a hammer element having a circular periphery and haying a series of points of support eccentric to its axis; such hammer element having limited l rotative movement relative to each of said supporting points.

l0. A rinding element for hammer mills and the Iike comprising a hammer element having a circular periphery and having a series of points of support eccentric to its axis; such hammer element having limited rotative and radial movement relative to.

each of said supporting points.

11. A` grinding element for hammer mills u and the like, comprisin a hammer element having a circular perip ery and having an odd number of points of support eccentricto its axis; said hammer element having limited rotative movement relative to each of said supporting points.

12. A grinding element for hammer mills and the like, comprisin a hammer element having a circular perip ery and having an odd number of oints of support eccentric to its axis; said hammer element having limited rotative and radial movement relative to each oi said supporting points.

In witness whereof we have signed specification.

GEORGE W. BORTON. v WILLIAM A. BATTEY.

this

CERTIFICATE 40F CDRRECTION.

mm No. 1,649,565. Granted November 1s, 1921,' n

GEORGE w. oRroN Er AL.v

It is hereby certified' that error appears in the above numbered patent requiring correction as follows: In the grant, and in the heading to the print- `eil specification, the residence of the first mentioned patentee George W. Barton is erroneously given as "NcwvLisbon, Pennsylvania", whereas said yresidence should have been given as "New Lisbon, New Jersey"; and that the 'said Letters Patent should be read with this correction therein that the same may conform to the record of the case in the Patent Office. Signed and sealed this 24th day of January, A. D. 1928.

. i M. J. Moore, Sell. Acting Commissioner of Patents. 

